Хьюберт
Саттлер

Hubert Sattler alias Louis Ritschard (1817-1904) Austrian landscape painter.
Hubert Sattler was born in Salzburg on January 21, 1817. His father, Johann Michael Sattler (1787-1847), was a landscape painter who became famous for the impressive Sattler Panorama, commissioned by Emperor Francis I and representing the city of Salzburg in 1825-1829 as seen from a bird's eye view. Hohensalzburg Fortress. His mother was Anna Maria Kittenberger, the adopted daughter of the artist Hubert Maurer. As a child, Sattler traveled with his father and first learned drawing and painting from him, then entered the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna at the age of twelve. Following in his father's footsteps, he became a landscape painter and specialized in exploring and painting large canvases for display in cosmoramas. Cosmoramas were exhibitions of perspective paintings of various places, often world landmarks; the careful use of lighting and lenses gave the images greater realism. Sattler's highly detailed cosmorama was sometimes shown under light in a dark room for paying customers looking through a hole and often through a magnifying lens. While the work in earlier cosmoramas was based on old prints, Sattler's views were particularly precise and up-to-date; he traveled on research expeditions and then worked in his workshop from his own detailed research and from photographs. He traveled extensively throughout Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America, and painted both natural vistas and cities. On her trip to the Middle East in 1842, Ida Pfeiffer of Vienna met him and traveled with him for some time; in her published diary she recorded how locals threw rocks at him as he sketched in Damascus. He exhibited his cosmic works in many countries, sometimes traveling in a specially made portable building. These exhibitions were very lucrative and were also a success with critics; Sattler was widely praised for his artistry and scholarship. In Hanover in 1848 a provincial court awarded Sattler the title of professor. While in Bremen to show his work, Sattler "met several Americans who urged him to move his exhibition to New York." From 1850 to 1852 there was a cosmic exhibition in the northeastern United States that surpassed in quality and variety the many panoramic shows flooding the country at the time...Hubert Sattler arrived in Manhattan with a collection of about one hundred cosmic views, which he exhibited in five series of twenty-six paintings each, in a small room at Thirteenth Street and Broadway.. A correspondent for The New York Tribune echoed many witnesses when he claimed that the cosmoramas rose "to the dignity of works of art" and were superior to any "book of travel, panoramas or prints.... In a certificate signed by Asher B. Durand, president of the National Academy of Design, and John F. Kensett and John Vanderlin, Sattler was noted as "a true artist who understood perfectly how to find the best viewpoints for his pictures and to execute them with rare skill and power." When Sattler brought his cosmora to Boston, the views included "Lake Halstadt in Austria, a sandstorm in the Libyan desert, Alexandria, and "a violent storm in the Mediterranean Sea. only twelve and a half cents a child." The sixteen paintings Sattler brought to America were destroyed by a fire in Philadelphia in January 1852. In addition to his cosmorama works, Sattler also painted more traditional smaller landscapes, sometimes signing them with his name or initials or a number of pseudonyms, including Louis Richard, E. Grossen, and Gottfried Steckli-Ruchen. A favorite subject was Telskapelle (William Tell's Chapel) on Lake Lucerne, which he painted many times, depicting it in different weathers. His son, also named Hubert Sattler (1844-1928), became a famous ophthalmologist. In 1870, Sattler donated his father's Sattler Panorama of Salzburg to the city along with more than 300 of his works. The panorama is on permanent display in the Salzburg Panorama Museum inside the Salzburg Museum, along with an ever-changing exhibition of more than 130 of Hubert Sattler's cosmic paintings in the museum. In later life, Sattler spent many years in Vienna, where he died on April 3, 1904. He was buried in Salzburg in the Ehrengrab ("tomb of honor") with his father. Hubert-Sattler-Gasse in the Neustadt district of Salzburg was named after him. These works can be seen in the Salzburg Museum dedicated to this cosmora as well as in numerous private collections.