Biographie et informations
Honorary free member of arts (1794). He studied in Venice and Milan. In 1792, arrived in St. Petersburg. and accepted in the Directorate of the Imperial theatres (1827 it architect). Designed productions at the Palace theatre, the Grand theatre, the theatres count N. Sheremetev and Prince Nikolai. Yusupov, applying the techniques of illusionism and evolving from Baroque to romanticism. Created decorations for the coronation of Emperor. Paul I, Alexander I and Nicholas I, court festivals, composed the fireworks. Wrote external decoration in the Palace of Prince N. Yusupov (1792, Fontanka river embankment, 115, not preserved). In Pavlovsk engaged in 1798-99 planning and decoration of the Park; working with the architect. V. F. Brenna, participated in the painting of the Palace (gallery Gonzaga) and pavilions (peel tower, New Chalet, Turkish tent). Created unimplemented projects Opera at the Mikhailovsky castle (1799-1800), Kazan Cathedral (1799) and theatre on the Palace square (1827). From 1828 to retirement. He was buried at Volkovskoe Lutheran cemetery. (grave not preserved)
Gonzaga (Gonzaga), Pietro di Gottardo (Gonzago or Gonzaga, Pietro di Gottardo) (Peter F.) (1751-1831), painter and art theoretician, stage designer.
He was born in Longarone, near Venice, 25 March 1751, in the family of the masters of decorative painting Gottardo Gonzaga. Arriving in Venice (1765), studied the future A. Visentini and decorative arts at George. Moretti; were profoundly influenced by the Venetian landscape painters and decorators - A. Canaletto, K. and J. Bibiani.B. Tiepolo. A big impact on him later also provided architectural graphics John.B. Piranesi. From 1772 he studied stage designers of the Galliari brothers in Milan. In 1779-1792 worked in the theatres of Milan (La Scala), Rome, Parma, Venice and other Italian cities. Invited by the Russian Ambassador, Prince Nikolai.B. Yusupov, in 1792 came to St. Petersburg, becoming the decorator of the Imperial theatres. Acted as a genuine reformer of the Russian stage, using illyuzionisticheskie-advanced techniques of the Baroque still here with unprecedented consistency and maestria. It creates a theatrical spectacle contemporaries were impressed with not only the bravura beauty, but also a wonderful credibility of their spatial effects.
Designed productions in theaters of St. Petersburg (the Hermitage, the Bolshoi, or Stone, Small, etc.), Gatchina, Pavlovsk, Peterhof and Petrovsky (Medox) theatre in Moscow. In 1817 he wrote 12 change of scenery for theatre, opened in 1818 in Arkhangelskoye (near Moscow manor Yusupov), of which we got 4 changes, and sketches of these sets, made by serf artists (Museum in Arkhangelsk). Theoretically summed up my experience in a number of writings ("Notice to my boss, or clarification of theatrical decorator", "music for the eyes and optics of the theatre", "About the feeling, the taste and the beautiful", etc.; 1800-1817), partially published in 1807 in St. Petersburg in French; here he treats his profession as a perfect, harmoniously complementing the nature of the art form, represents a synthetic essentially "music for the eyes".
Also made a great contribution to Russian landscape art, from 1792 actively participating in the planning of the "English" Park in Pavlovsk and creating there a number of picturesque landscape prospects ("White birch", "Front field", etc.). In his sketches there are a number of Palace halls and pavilions were decorated with compositions that effectively continue the real architecture (mostly lost during the Second world war, the frescoes were partially restored in the so-called gallery of Gonzago, the decoration of which dates back to the 1822-1823). In the course of its activities has taught many Russian and foreign artists and mechanics of the stage (his son Paolo Gonzaga and others). Dismissed from service at the Imperial theater in 1828, continued the architectural and decorative work in Pavlovsk.
Gonzaga died in St. Petersburg on 25 July (6 August) 1831.
