Painter, born. in D. Pokrovsky (now udomelsky district), land of the landowner N. P.Miliukov, from 1841 yard in the estate Islands, 1842-47 (with breaks) he studied at AG Venetsianov in the village of Safonkovo, in the context. In the 1850s he taught painting to students of the serfs. C. he painted portraits, genre scenes, interiors, icons, the greatest success achieved in landscape, NAT. motifs and lyricism which he anticipated the flowering of Rus. realistic. painting 2nd floor. 19th century. After cross. the reform of 1861 S. lived mainly in D. Pokrovskoe. Works by S. stored in the state Russian Museum and state Tretyakov gallery, the State. The Hermitage, the state Tretyakov gallery. In Tver. region CT. Gal. - "Spasskoe" (not later than 1847), "Portrait of V. A. Preobrazhensky" (early 1850s), "Portrait of A. G. Venetsianov" (author's repetition of the portrait stored in the timing; the 1840s), the icon of the "Vernicle" (1850s). In 1973 at the clubhouse in the village of Pokrovskoe established meme.Board. Lit.: Alekseeva T. V., artists of the school of Venetsianov, M., 1982.
G. V. Soroka was born in the family of a serf. Eighteen years of age he was taken into the house of the owner (the estate "Islands"), the landlord N. P. Milyukov. Soon discovered a talent for drawing and became one of the pupils of Venetsianov, who lived nearby on his estate Safonkovo. Within a few years Forty years ago Safonkovo, practicing under the guidance of his mentor, then returned to the "Islands" with some reference from it.
The formation of the magpies as an artist was incredibly fast. It miraculously preserved portrait drawings in 1842 say about the ability to convey the similarity and the obvious skills in drawing, painting "Barnyard" (1843) is already quite professional, and the "Office at home in the "Isles", the estate of N. P. Milyukov" (1844) is one of the most poetic images of the interior in the whole of Russian painting.
Creative way magpies continued for more than ten years, and we know for certain only about 20 of his works, and Dating them is very approximate. They are not equal.
Forty greatest success achieved in landscape painting. "Wing in "the Islands"..." (the first half of the 1840's) directly echoes the later Russian landscape painters of the late XIX - early XX century Four landscape, executed in the village of Spasskoe of the Tambov province (owned by relatives of Milkovich), "the View of the dam", "Fishermen", "lake View Moldino", "view of the estate Spasskoe" (all approx. 1847) - hit the epic scale of perception and images of nature. Three landscape painted home in "the Islands" - "View of lake Moldino in the estate "Islands"" "Chapel in the Park" and "View "the Islands"" (all late 1840s), - on the contrary, different chamber, emphasized the intimate nature. In addition to "office at home in the "Isles", the estate of N. P. Milyukov," he wrote another an interior painting, "reflection in the mirror" (1840), in the spatial solution and flawless execution.
In a portrait of painting Forty was significantly constrained - it needed a more thorough school than the one he managed to get. Nevertheless, his portrait of E. N. Milyukova (late 1840s) is able to compete with many portraits of his time, and a self-portrait, written at the same time, touching drama, hidden under external restraint.
The fate of the magpie was really dramatic. Attempts to get free failed. Who believe in their abilities and feel the Creator, the artist continued to depend on the landlords ' tyranny, and death Venetsianov (1847) robbed him not only a mentor, but also the patron Saint of difficult existing relationship with the owner. It is known that in the 1850s he left the manor and returned to his native village of Pokrovskoe; there married (1852), he had two sons, then a daughter.
The peasant work of Forty did not know and earned a living as an artist, but wrote more than paintings and icons (these icons were later found at least a dozen), trying to teach a painting peasant children, but the attempt failed. He began to drink heavily. In 1864, was somehow involved in the peasant unrest, which began in connection with the abolition of serfdom and unfair conditions of redemption of the land from the landowner (whether wrote a petition, persuaded the villagers to disobedience), and was punished for it. Punishment was the last straw of patience, Forty killed himself.
