The Army Museum is the result of the merger of several military museums created throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Its foundational nucleus is constituted by the Artillery and Engineers.
In 1803, at the request of Godoy, the Royal Military Museum was created in Madrid, the most remote antecedent of the current Army Museum. It is one of the oldest Spanish museums and responds to the existing interest in the Europe of the time for the conservation and diffusion of the objects related to the military history. At that time, its collections responded to clear didactic assumptions, being one of its main objectives the support for the training of soldiers, providing a complementary teaching to the Military Academies.
In 1827, the Royal Military Museum was divided into two sections: the Artillery Museum and the Engineers Museum, with their own organization and operation. In the last third of the 19th century, a period of creation of new Military Museums began. Thus, the Museum of Quartermaster (1885), the Cavalry Museum (1889) and the Infantry Museum (1908) were created, which together with the aforementioned Artillery and Engineers Museums would maintain an independent life.