Fedor
Mikhailovich Matveyev

The son of a soldier of the life guards Izmailovo regiment. He was educated at the Academy of Arts from 1764 to 1778, and, having completed the course with a small gold medal, during the year remained at the Academy as a scholar. In 1779 he received a gold medal and sent abroad. Visited Germany and Switzerland, lived and worked in Italy, in Rome used the leadership of F. Hackert. At the end of the trip went twice for a long time again to Italy, where, therefore, leaked a big part of his life. Died in Rome. Picture Matveeva once enjoyed respect not only in Russia but also in Italy.

F. M. Matveev was the son of a soldier of the life guards Izmailovo regiment. At the age of six he identified in an Educational school at the St. Petersburg Academy of arts. He finished training in landscape class SEM. F. Shchedrin. In 1778, he received a gold medal and a year later went as a pensioner to Rome. There he quickly learned the principles included in the force of classicism and became a consistent classicist. What are the principles of landscape painting? Representing a specific type, select the most majestic and dignified. At the same time to see portrayed in its ideal type. There is also a sample - the art of antiquity, which during Matveeva caused unusual interest, reaching the General enthusiasm. The requirement of "noble simplicity and calm grandeur" (I. Winkelmann) assumed in painting the harmony and clarity: symmetrical, balanced composition with the obligatory division of the PA three plans and lateral "wings", a sculptural understanding of form, local color (i.e. the color of the object without regard to its changes under the influence of light and air). Best Matveev - "View near Naples" (1806), "View on the Lago Maggiore" (1808), "View of Rome. Coliseum" (1816), "View bolsenskogo lake in Italy" (1819), etc. These landscapes have rare advantage: with all their idealism, they do not turn to the circuit, there is a lively sense. According to contemporaries, Matveev adored nature, which has worked on location all day, often forgetting about food. At the same time his reality - changeable, raised, even heroic. He wrote and composed landscapes. In Italy, Matveev spent forty-seven years. At first it hurt to go back to Russia a sense of creative freedom, which was not at home. Then hinder the ever-increasing debt. He gained fame and respect, he was patronized by educated Russian noblemen. However, paying for a job is not enough. Matveev refers several times to the Academy to help pay debts and send money home, sending his paintings. But AH was too lean. Only in 1819 he was given a pension of 500 thalers a year. Matveev died in Italy in old age. Young Sylvester Shchedrin attended a workshop Matveeva in Rome and found it one of the best contemporary landscape painters, celebrated professional skill and ease of execution, accuracy in the transfer of nature (up to the leaf shapes of different species of trees), warmth of color, lighting, and inimitable ability to write long-term.