(17.02.1890. d. Kuznetsovo, Veliky Ustyug district – 18.08.1980, Great Ustyug)
Member of the Union of artists of the USSR (1932), the honored worker of arts of RSFSR. Artistic Director of factory "Northern niello" (1935-1965). Participant of all-Russian and regional exhibitions. Awarded a silver medal and diploma of the world exhibition in Paris (1937), a member of the world fair in new York (1939).
Talking about early childhood, Eustace p. recalled: "I always appreciate the first teacher. She felt me as an artist, forced to believe in themselves. Hold sacred the memory and the mother and father. In them I met the continued involvement, greetings and approval of their artistic endeavors." These artist should add one more and probably the most important detail – the nature boys. Perseverance and dedication helped him not to depart from the chosen path. Having failed in Moscow to enroll in the Stroganov art school, he went to Yaroslavl, where for three years diligently engaged in drawing classes. In the fall of 1907 Chernikowski became a student of the Penza art school. At the final examination in 1913, he is in the top five. "According to the then existing rules of all five disciples: Sapozhkova from Samara, Tusova from Vologda, Grigoriev from Kaluga, Pravednikova from the suburbs and Chernikovskaya from Veliky Ustyug – are granted the right to continue their studies without entrance exams at the St. Petersburg Academy of arts," – said one of the first biographers of the master A. N. Munin.
While studying at the Academy (1913-1917) falls on a difficult in the fate of Russia: the First world war, February and October revolutions. Already familiar with the technique of gravure printing at the Penza school, Chernikovsky in the second year of studies chose a creative Studio, where he continued his education. It was the class of V. V. Matai, known at that time graphics and excellent teacher from whose Studio came out outstanding Russian masters: I. Pavlov, V. D. Falileev, A. P. Ostroumova-Lebedeva, P. A. Shillingovsky and others. A student of the Academy Chernikowski began working as an Illustrator for popular art magazines. Mate leads him to the editor of "Lukomorye", the acquaintance with I. Ya. Bilibin opens the way for him in the "Argus". On their pages were published the first works of the artist: travel notes, made in the Caucasus, drawings dedicated to the North, illustration. It seemed like a brilliant career graph. It is also proved by professional literature related to this period ("Oaks", "Portrait of grandmother", 1914-1915).
The death of a beloved teacher, and termination of sessions in the Studio became the reason for the early return Shilnikovskogo home in Veliky Ustyug. Here it is, almost the only professional in easel engraving, had to do another. Eustace p. gets the position of instructor of fine arts at Department of education, simultaneously as a painter and decorator working in the national theater and manages the art Studio. From 1920 to 1937 Shilnikovskogo activities associated with the local newspaper "Soviet idea". Does not stop his creative work. Among the first masters in 1932 he was accepted as a member of the newly formed Union of Soviet artists. He is a constant participant of exhibitions of artists of the Northern territory. In 1935, in the town of Veliky Ustyug is his personal exhibition dedicated to 25th anniversary of creative activity.
In the creative life of Eustache Pavlovich researchers distinguish two periods. In the first Chernikowski showed himself as a prominent painter and etcher, who continued the traditions of Russian realistic school of engraving. In the second he is an artist and head of the factory "Northern niello", to link their works with folk arts and crafts. Tracing the path of the wizard, inadvertently noted the logical connection between these periods. Don't be Chernikowski professional engraver, and draughtsman, it would be difficult to Express yourself in the art of blackening on silver and bring the fish were in those years on the verge of dying, on a new path.
Beginning in 1935, with the failed, as he subsequently believed "Xinjiang series of" silver tablespoons to Western China, Chernikovsky gradually comprehends the laws and secrets of the new kind of activities and crafts. The relationship of form and ornament, the use of traditions and the creation of contemporary works, the artistry and preservation of the utilitarian qualities of these tasks in the next years, they were brilliantly solved. As an artist, he expands on the theme of ornament, referring to literary and historical subjects, landscapes and animals. Great success wizard is a series of objects on the subjects of works of A. S. Pushkin, first shown in Moscow in 1937, at the all-Union exhibition dedicated to the memory of the poet, and later at the world exhibition in Paris. Then there are sets, decorated Chernikowski on the motives of Krylov's fables (1946), the famous fairy tale by P. Yershov "the humpbacked Horse" (1947). The drawings Shilnikovskogo masters "North mob" fulfill large government orders, devoted to memorable dates, historical and contemporary figures of the state. His works have become a kind of chronicle what is happening in the country event, he talks about the heroism of the Bergs, the celebration of the 800th anniversary of Moscow, the anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia. In 1965, at the request of the research Institute of art industry Eustathius Pavlovich was awarded the honorary title of the honored worker of arts of RSFSR.
One of the great merit Shilnikovskogo was the fact that he adopted the value determined leadership role of the artist in contemporary crafts. Once anonymous or collective work is now earned the right to be called a copyright. A young wizard began working on the "North mob" during the life Shilnikovskogo, rightly called themselves his disciples and followers "Estafeta" (this neologism formed from the word relay and the name of the artist Eustace). Among them: E. F. tropina, A. S. Chernov, V. P. Shorokhov – are names known not only in Vologda, but also in the country.
Literature:
1.Razina T. M. Eustace p. Chernikowski – artist "Northern rabble". – M., 1959.
2.Voronova O. P., The Artists Of Vologda. – L., 1979. – P. 135-138.
3.Munin, A. N. Silversmith artist. – Arkhangelsk, 1979. Shirokovskaya Y. Life – creativity // the North. – 1981. – No. 6.
4.The art of Vologda land of the XIII–XX centuries. Catalogue of the exhibition. – M., 1990. – S. 211-212, 185, 188.
5.Voropaev Vladimir Vologda graphics 1920-Kh godov/Artist. – 1989. – No. 3.
Source: L. G. Sosnina. Outstanding people: Biographical essays, Ed. the Council "Vologda encyclopedia". -
Vologda, VSPU, publishing house "Rus", 2005. - 568 p. - ISBN 5-87822-271-X
