George
Bogdanovich Yakulov

Georgy Bogdanovich Yakulov: (arm.:Յակուլյան Գևորգ Բոգդանի, 2 (14 old style) of January, 1884, Tiflis — December 28, 1928, Yerevan). Painter, theater artist, avant-gardist, author of "the theory of colored suns."

Features artist George Bogdanovich Yakulov: Yakulov entered the history of art as an avant-garde artist, but he can not identify themselves with any particular art movement. His painting is bright, sharp, rhythmic. A special place the artist has placed light in the sun often crosses compositions in his paintings. It is the light and color become the basis of his "theory of multicolored suns." The combination of the Eastern European temperament and restraint gave his work a special appeal. Yakulov was fashionable and popular. The artist has received two top awards of the world exhibition of decorative art, worked with E. Vakhtangov, Alexander Tairov, R. Simonov., Meyerhold and Sergei Diaghilev.

Famous paintings of artist George Bogdanovich Yakulov: "Street", "The music hall", "Jump", "Portrait Of A. G. Koonen".

Early years and education in progress

Georgy Yakulov, on the origin of the Georgians, was born in Yerevan and was the ninth child in the family. The boy lost his father, and mother decides to move the family to Moscow. The relationship of Georges — it was the name of the boy's family — his mother was timid, and, being already a grown man, he continued to worship her. In his letters he wrote to her: "No man... to whom I was obliged, like You!".

Despite domestic difficulties, the mother pays a lot of attention to the youngest son, develops in him a creative person. In 1893, the boy begins to go to school at the Lazarev Institute of Oriental languages. But the temperament makes itself felt: founder of modern dance kicked out for disobeying the rules.

The next step — the Moscow school of painting, sculpture and architecture. And again, the study was not asked: the young author prefers to work alone at home instead of attending classes where teachers "impose their opinion". School he did not finish, and hence no delay from the front. Yakulov is at war.

The birth of the theory of colored suns

Yakulov fights bravely in the Russo-Japanese war, inspiring his comrades, but gets wounded near Harbin. It is on the front of the artist visits the idea of the theory of sunlight. He describes in detail in his autobiography, the thoughts that came into his head when looking at the landscape in prismatic binoculars. It is from the sun, he writes, depends on the human perception of color: "If the sun of Moscow white, Georgia the sun rose, the sun of the Far East blue and Indian yellow, then obviously the sun is the force that drives culture, like the planets around itself, giving each of them its own rhythm...".

Thus was born the unique theory of the painter, which has not received systematic art education, but, nevertheless, withdrew and formed their own views about such a complex concept as color and light. Your theory Yakulov said in 1906.

The first success of Yakulov

After the war, Georgy Yakulov is his picture "Jumps" at the exhibition "Moscow Association of artists". This is the first success of the artist. The structure of the painting, which he here uses, will move in many of his works in the future: "I built the song racing in the vortex (Baroque) movement with Chinese linear graphic quality and transparency of watercolor wet range of China."

The next exhibition in 1908 marked the beginning of his professional career. HeSerov notes work Yakulov.

A year later, he presents to the public two more famous works - "Street" and "Fire brigade".

In 1910th years Yakulov is engaged in design of balls, recitals, literary cabaret and exhibitions. Painting of the café pittoresque causes a particularly strong reaction of visitors and critics. "Great and fast he painted a wildly vivid transparent glass paint (got — like stained glass). Remember the huge multi-colored somewhere racing horses Yes, it seems that even the roosters. Why? Why? It doesn't matter!" - says Valentina Khodasevich.

In 1911-1912 Yakulov lives in Paris, where he met withPicasso and finds true friends and like — minded people- a married coupleRobert and Sonia Delaunay. He talks about his solar theory, and finds not just the support, and ideological understanding.

In 1914, the article on the theory of Yakulov "Blue sun" is published in the journal "Alcyone".

Yakulov in the theater

1920-ies — the time of active work in the theatre. His decorations and stage productions are incredibly popular. Yakulov has partnered with the best theaters and filmmakers of his time. It organizes the space of the stage for the play ("Mystery Buff" Mayakovsky) and Tairov. In ten years, the author draws 26 performances.

A resounding success is working with Sergei Diaghilev on Prokofiev's ballet "Steel gallop" in Paris. He believes this Prokofiev ballet "Bolshevik", so registration is required for the artist of the young Soviet state. Yakulov not only performs sketches of scenery, but also wrote the libretto. The audience was enthusiastic artist on stage 8 times.

The artist's wife, and Bulgakov's heroine

The founder of modern dance contemporaries believed that family life has not developed. His wife Natalya Yulevna Shif considered frivolous, but bright and extravagant woman. "When she was or where the car drove up, followed always by a crowd of men. She was naked... put on a dress directly on bare skin or coat, and the hat is enormous. And always from her stream very good spirits" recalls T. Lappa — first wife of Bulgakov. The wife of the founder of modern dance work, researchers considered the prototype of Gella from the novel "Master and Margarita" by Bulgakov. Homemaker artist? No, rather the representative of Bohemia, the first Russian model, which may be the outfit itself erect Natalia worked as a dresser at the Chamber theater.

The family lives on Bolshaya Sadovaya in Moscow, where often held lavish receptions and loud parties. In a Studio looks and all the light in the NEP Russia, even the Sergeant. Here are introduced Isadora Duncan and Sergei Yesenin. "The door of their workshop was open day and night, and there is always going to artists, poets, actors, and some friends of Armenia" - shares his impression on the. Konchalovsky. However, the visitors have been there and not very safe...

Many literary critics claim that Zoe Peltz - the heroine of Bulgakov "Zoyka apartment" is deducted from the artist's wife. Interestingly, in the scenery of the play at the Vakhtangov theater were openly used the interior of the house Akulovich on the Garden, so after the premiere for the workshop established the nickname "zoy's flat".

Bizarre antics Shif fit in the legend of that "suit" Bulgakov's Margarita after the ball of Satan (the black cloak on the naked body), she made. Moreover, the couple lived in the house №10, the same, with a "bad" apartment.

Recent years

The end of 20 years is a difficult time for the artist. He drinks a lot, is sick with pneumonia, orders becomes less. The author is forced to gradually sell off the luxurious environment of his Studio: mirrors, furniture, carpets.

On the advice of doctors, he goes to Armenia, and on the way visited his native Tiflis. In Armenia he talks to friends, writes the scenery and preparing for the 25-year-old creative anniversary.

28 Dec 1928 Georgy Yakulov before the age of 45 years, dies of tuberculosis. His body was ordered moved to Moscow, where instead of the celebrations of the jubilee was arranged a magnificent funeral.

The largest collection of works by Georgy Yakulov stored in the Yerevan art gallery.


Author: Lyudmila Lebedeva